Nature of Management

nature of management

the management is an art of work getting done by the people.

🔹 Meaning of Management

Management is the process of getting things done through and with people. It involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling to achieve desired goals effectively and efficiently.

🔹 Definition of Management

“Management is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working together in groups, efficiently accomplish selected aims.” — Koontz and Weihrich

“Management is the coordination of all resources through the process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling to attain stated objectives.” — Henry Fayol

🔹 Nature of Management

Goal-Oriented, Universal, Social Process, Dynamic, Group Activity, Continuous Process

🔹 Purpose of Management

To achieve organizational goals, utilize resources effectively, improve productivity, encourage leadership, and ensure smooth functioning of the enterprise.

🔹 Importance of Management

✅ Helps in achieving group goals
✅ Improves efficiency
✅ Creates dynamic organization
✅ Helps in development of society
✅ Ensures optimal resource utilization

🔹 Functions of Management

Planning – Setting objectives and deciding how to achieve them.
Organizing – Arranging tasks and resources.
Staffing – Recruiting and training employees.
Directing – Leading, guiding, and motivating employees.
Controlling – Monitoring progress and making adjustments.

🔹 Management as an Art

Art involves the creative application of skill and personal judgment. Managers use their experience, creativity, and intuition to manage people and resources effectively.

✅ Requires personal skills
✅ Based on practice
✅ Success depends on manager’s ability

🔹 Management as a Science

Science is based on principles, experiments, and logical analysis. Management has a systematic body of knowledge and uses data for planning and decision-making.

✅ Based on cause-effect relationships
✅ Principles are universally applicable
✅ Follows systematic procedures

🔹 Management as a Profession

Profession involves specialized knowledge, formal education, and adherence to a code of conduct. Managers today are trained, certified, and bound by ethical responsibilities.

✅ Requires formal qualification
✅ Follows ethical standards
✅ Continuous skill development

🔹 Conclusion

Management is a balanced combination of art, science, and profession. A successful manager uses all three dimensions to lead effectively and achieve goals.

🔹 Management as a Social System

Management is called a social system because it deals with people, behavior, ethics, and society. It aims to create harmony between organizational goals and human values.

🔹 Concept of Management

The concept of management revolves around planning, organizing, directing, and controlling to achieve organizational goals. It is goal-oriented, continuous, dynamic, and requires cooperation.

🔹 Administration

Administration refers to the top-level activity concerned with framing objectives and policies. It focuses on planning, decision-making, and policy formulation for the organization.

🔹 Organization

An organization is a system where people and resources are arranged to achieve goals. It provides structure, defines roles, and facilitates coordination.

🔹 Management Skills

Technical Skills: Ability to use tools and techniques specific to the job, mostly used by lower-level managers.

Human Skills: Ability to work with and motivate people; essential at all levels.

Conceptual Skills: Ability to understand the organization as a whole; required most at the top level.

🔹 Levels of Management

Top-Level Management: Strategic planning, goal setting, company vision (e.g., CEO, MD).

Middle-Level Management: Executes plans, manages departments (e.g., Branch Manager).

Lower-Level Management: Day-to-day supervision, ensures execution (e.g., Supervisor).

🔹 Summary Table

Level	Examples	Key Role
Top-Level	CEO, MD	Strategic Planning
Middle-Level	Dept. Manager	Plan Execution
Lower-Level	Supervisor	Daily Operations